The op's question was, "can you split them with tyres on". If you remove all the bolts and the centre spokes you will loose all of the structural strength from the wheel.
The answer is, yes.
You can...and the rim will not implode, no bad things will happen...the world will not end.
You can remove all the bolts and the tyre will remain inflated and the rim will remain round.
You said:
but you must deflate the tyres first. Otherwise they can collapse
Which is utter rubbish. The steel bands of the tyre keep the tyre round, the air within keeps it forced outwards into the sealing beads.
Deflating the tyre had absolutely no affect of the ability to collapse the wheel.
If you give it enough force, you will deflect the wheel out of roundness - of course you will...and with the centre fitted the force required is higher.
But with a tyre fitted, inflated or not, there is NO outward force...so the rim will not collapse unless you apply an outward force to make the rim deform from round....and it's unlikely you'll do that re-furbing it.
Hell, you can bounce a rim & inflated tyre up and down.
And I would like to see you drive around a corner at 120 MPH, with the centre spokes and all the bolts removed. 
I'd like to see any wheel do it with the spokes cut off. Same principle.
What would happen is you'd crash...and the centre would remain attached to the hub, whilst the rim and tyre would bounce off into the undergrowth.
An example:
An Integra Type-R clips a verge at nearly 120 MPH, and rattles the verge hard, flipping over and breaking a wheel upon landing:


Tyre still inflated - despite a roll at over 100 MPH.
...and you think unbolting the centre of an RXII will collapse the rim?
I've been repairing and re-furbing RXIIs (and smacking ITRs into verges) for 10 years and had plenty apart with and without tyres fitted.
They don't collapse.
Just trying to pass on the facts.