Its difficult to say what is 'from scratch'
If you mean from when the car starts its journey down the production line, then a few hours. But bare in mind there is lots of work being carried out in parelell and car plants are merely ASSEMBLY lines, with all the systems / modules being completed by suppliers in their JIT plants next door.
But prior to the car starting its prod line journey, muchos planning takes place, the panels are stamped, spot welded etc etc
If you get the chance to visit a modern high volume car plant it is a real experience - amazing to see a completed car every 30 seconds..