The area of corrosion looks as if it’s on the sill directly below the B pillar if that’s the front edge of the rear door on the right hand side of the picture.
From memory (it’s over 4 years ago since I had my mk6 so I could well be wrong

), there’s a rubber strip / seal that runs along the bottom of the doors. If a small sharp stone or other similar piece of debris has ever been lodged on the narrow flat section of the sill, then when the door’s been closed, it’s possible that a stone could’ve been pushed into the bottom of the B pillar by the rubber strip / seal and penetrated the paintwork down to the metalwork.
As the corrosion looks quite advanced in that area - it looks as if the metal has been eaten away quite badly at the top of the area of damage - I wouldn’t leave it too much longer before getting it repaired, otherwise it’ll only get worse.
It’s years ago since I tackled any corrosion on a car’s bodywork - it would’ve been in the late 1970’s on an old Vauxhall I owned at the time

. You may find when you’ve removed all the loose and bubbling paint that the area you’re left with to repair / repaint is quite large, but with any job like this, preparation is key so spend plenty of time on the preparation stage.
You’ll need to make sure you remove all the loose paint and rub down the exposed rusty metalwork to bare metal with appropriate grades of wet and dry paper. Use plenty of water when rubbing down, and ensure the edges of the existing paintwork are feathered into the area to be repainted so there’s no ‘step’ between the existing surrounding paint and the area to be repainted. I’d also be treating the bare metal area with a rust converter product to ‘kill’ and remaining corrosion and then I’d use a car body filler to fill any small hollows or areas where the corrosion has ‘eaten’ into the metal. Rub down the filler once it’s hardened with appropriate grades of wet and dry paper so it’s smooth and level with the surrounding metalwork - again using plenty of water.
You should then be ready for repainting. If you’re having to paint out in the open, pick a day when it’s not windy! I’d recommend using aerosol (rattle) cans - not applying the paint by brush - to ensure a smooth finish. Mask up surrounding areas well to avoid paint overspray, and apply paint in thin, light coats, allowing plenty of drying time between coats. I’d also recommend not spraying right up to the edge of the masking tape, otherwise you’ll have a ‘hard edge’ between the new and existing paint when you remove the tape. Leave the repainted area for a few days and then polish the repainted area and surrounding paintwork to blend the new paint into the existing surrounding paint. Apply a couple of coats of wax or sealant for protectIon.
Good luck with the repair!
