looks like this 

Yes, that's certainly axle tramp... in that case the spinning wheel twists the axle against the leaf spring, lifting the wheel, the twisting motion is instantly reduced, the suspension "untwists" and the wheel settles back... repeat ad nauseum.
The effect that is being experienced on the golf is, I suspect, the front strut twisting longitudunally under load... the potential damage is done when the wheel(s) spinning freely in the air hit the ground - can cause damage to driveshafts, joints, gearbox, diff, suspension components, springs, dampers - probably not in the short term but over time wear will be increased...