Right, Mk2 Golf uses McPhearson strut suspension system, and not Wishbone suspension! there is a huge difference! and should not be confused...
The "Track control arm" on a Mk2 only vaguely resembles a Wishbone, this is because it has 2 inner pick up points that attach to the subframe, reason for the dual mounting is to do away with a "Tie Rod" read cost cutting!
Wishbone suspension is normally found on more expensive, and especially on performance cars, and is on its way to being infinitely adjustable, its a more dynamic system...
The rod that protrudes from the steering rack, is called a "Steering Arm" this is attached to the steering rack via a ball joint, and is secured with a ball joint nut. The other end has the "Track Rod End" attached to it...
All these parts are designed to be sacrificial, meaning that they are designed to deform in a minor collision, or impact
Thom