Your locking mechanism is stuck between "lock" and "unlock"
because the white screw is adjusted all the way down, its not allowing the lock to clear, wind the screw all the way up, lock, then unlock the door with the key, or by flicking the lever inside the door, then wind down the screw, half a turn at a time, till the door opens properly from the exterior handle, this type of VW lock cant really get jammed, unless something falls in them, so its usually poor adjustment that is to blame
Hope this helps
Tom