Exhaust emissions light is usualy flagged up if the lambda sensor is out or the readings are to far out. Never come across it on a MK4 but my old celica gt4 would flash up the emissions light if either the measurments were wrong or the sensor was faulty, oh and if the cat over heated. If its not come on since and no faults came up its worth waiting to see if it happens again, Saying that, there are other sensors that will cause the emissions to drop out of range, Just a thought, does the Engine coolent temp sensor not cause running issues? If so it could be that one?