I don't have a great deal of knowledge about VW suspension dynamics as such, but back in the day a friend and I did quite a bit of rallying at National standard. In that scenario, the biggest influencer of suspension stiffness, comfort (yes, even in a rally wagon!) and ride height (even more important) was the springs. A huge amount depended on spring length, compression characteristic, and most of all, the actual steel the springs were made of - which was why aftermarket or specialised units were a lot dearer since they were made from superior quality steel than the stock items. Although we did use "sports" dampers (Koni) they had a secondary influence on handling.
So perhaps the same applies to modern day cars like our MK8 GTIs: lowered springs (and therefore less wheel arch gap (purely aesthetic), give progressive compression and therefore improved handling. Dampers (or shock absorbers as they were once known) do just that - absorb the shocks, albeit to varying degrees in the case of adjustable ones.
Of course, when we fit 19" wheels with 35 aspect-ration tyres, we're asking even more of the system!